The Pekingese, an ancient and noble toy breed, originated in China and was once exclusively owned by royalty in the Chinese Imperial Palace. Revered as "Dogs of Foo" or "Fu" by the Chinese, they were believed to possess guardian spirits, resembling the mythical Chinese lions that symbolise strength and protection. Their longstanding history, over 2,000 years, has made them a symbol of dignity and loyalty. Despite centuries of selective breeding, the Pekingese retains many of its original characteristics, though modern breeding often favours longhaired types over the traditional spaniel-like coat.
These compact dogs weigh between 7 and 14 pounds and stand around 6-9 inches tall. Known for their unique appearance, they have bowlegs—a feature originally bred to deter wandering from the palace. This bowleggedness lends them a distinctive, charming gait. Pekingese come in various colours, with red sable being most common, though solid white or black Pekingese are particularly striking.
With their strong-willed and somewhat independent nature, Pekingese can be both affectionate and stubborn. They are loyal, typically forming a strong bond with one person, often displaying jealousy if they sense competition for attention. While they tolerate other family members well, they may sometimes perceive children as rivals, so it's important to establish boundaries. Their loyalty runs deep; once attached, they may fiercely protect their favourite person.
Training a Pekingese can be a unique challenge. They are intelligent but require a convincing reason to follow commands, responding best to positive reinforcement that appeals to their sense of independence. This independence might make them more suitable for experienced dog owners rather than first-time ones, as they require patience and understanding to foster their naturally affectionate disposition.
The breed’s history is steeped in the grandeur of imperial China. During the Second Opium War in 1860, five Pekingese were rescued from the palace following the Emperor Xianfeng’s retreat and were brought to England. The fifth, named “Looty,” was gifted to Queen Victoria, sparking the breed’s popularity in the West. The Empress Dowager Cixi also gifted Pekingese to American dignitaries, cementing their reputation as a prized companion breed.
Loyal, regal, and a touch independent, the Pekingese is more than just a pet—it’s a historical treasure and an engaging companion, embodying centuries of charm and companionship.