The Siberian is Russia's native semi-longhaired cat breed, known for its large, powerful build and thick, water-resistant coat. Though still quite rare in the U.S., Siberians are more common in Europe and Asia. The breed first arrived in the U.S. in 1990, but its history stretches back much further. Brown tabby is the most popular colour, though Siberians come in all colours and patterns.
One of the breed’s defining features is its luxurious triple coat, which thickens during winter months. The coat is slightly oily and water-resistant, likely an evolutionary adaptation to survive Russia’s harsh winters. The Siberian’s personality is often described as dog-like. These cats are loyal, affectionate, playful, and not shy around strangers, making them excellent companions.
While some claim that Siberians are hypoallergenic, there is no scientific proof. However, many people with cat allergies report having fewer reactions to Siberians compared to other breeds. Their friendly nature and low-allergen reputation make them a popular choice for many cat lovers.
Siberians are known for their agility and strength. They are excellent jumpers, thanks to their muscular bodies and powerful legs. It takes up to five years for a Siberian to reach full maturity, and females are generally smaller than males. Despite their size and strength, Siberians have a sweet, calm expression and are not known for being overly vocal, typically expressing themselves with soft chirps.
Their coat is semi-long, with a thick undercoat that requires minimal grooming, though it becomes thicker in colder weather. The coat can develop curls on the belly and britches, but a wavy coat is not typical. Though the coat comes in many colours and patterns, clear strong colours are preferred, but type and structure take precedence.
Historically, Siberian cats likely developed from cats brought to Siberia by Russian immigrants, who mixed with local felines. Over time, these cats adapted to the harsh climate, developing their thick coats and strong, hardy physiques. They eventually spread from Siberia to major Russian cities like Moscow and Leningrad, where they became distinguished from other longhaired cats.
The Siberian’s combination of strength, agility, and affectionate personality has made it a beloved breed, and its growing popularity continues worldwide.